diff --git a/moto/ec2/models.py b/moto/ec2/models.py
index e0907978f..3eaa1a4d1 100644
--- a/moto/ec2/models.py
+++ b/moto/ec2/models.py
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ from .utils import (
     random_eip_association_id,
     random_eip_allocation_id,
     random_ip,
+    random_key_pair,
 )
 
 
@@ -161,6 +162,33 @@ class InstanceBackend(object):
             return [reservation for reservation in self.reservations.values()]
 
 
+class KeyPairBackend(object):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.keypairs = defaultdict(dict)
+        super(KeyPairBackend, self).__init__()
+
+    def create_key_pair(self, name):
+        if name in self.keypairs:
+            raise InvalidIdError(name)
+        self.keypairs[name] = keypair = random_key_pair()
+        keypair['name'] = name
+        return keypair
+
+    def delete_key_pair(self, name):
+        if name in self.keypairs:
+            self.keypairs.pop(name)
+        return True
+
+    def describe_key_pairs(self, filter_names=None):
+        results = []
+        for name, keypair in self.keypairs.iteritems():
+            if not filter_names or name in filter_names:
+                keypair['name'] = name
+                results.append(keypair)
+        return results
+
+
 class TagBackend(object):
 
     def __init__(self):
@@ -675,7 +703,8 @@ class ElasticAddressBackend(object):
 
 class EC2Backend(BaseBackend, InstanceBackend, TagBackend, AmiBackend,
                  RegionsAndZonesBackend, SecurityGroupBackend, EBSBackend,
-                 VPCBackend, SubnetBackend, SpotRequestBackend, ElasticAddressBackend):
+                 VPCBackend, SubnetBackend, SpotRequestBackend, ElasticAddressBackend,
+                 KeyPairBackend):
     pass
 
 
diff --git a/moto/ec2/responses/key_pairs.py b/moto/ec2/responses/key_pairs.py
index fd0a35fe6..9c8686c83 100644
--- a/moto/ec2/responses/key_pairs.py
+++ b/moto/ec2/responses/key_pairs.py
@@ -1,15 +1,81 @@
+from jinja2 import Template
 from moto.core.responses import BaseResponse
+from moto.ec2.models import ec2_backend
+from moto.ec2.exceptions import InvalidIdError
+from moto.ec2.utils import keypair_names_from_querystring, filters_from_querystring
 
 
 class KeyPairs(BaseResponse):
+
     def create_key_pair(self):
-        raise NotImplementedError('KeyPairs.create_key_pair is not yet implemented')
+        try:
+            name = self.querystring.get('KeyName')[0]
+            keypair = ec2_backend.create_key_pair(name)
+        except InvalidIdError as exc:
+            template = Template(CREATE_KEY_PAIR_INVALID_NAME)
+            return template.render(keypair_id=exc.id), dict(status=400)
+        else:
+            template = Template(CREATE_KEY_PAIR_RESPONSE)
+            return template.render(**keypair)
 
     def delete_key_pair(self):
-        raise NotImplementedError('KeyPairs.delete_key_pair is not yet implemented')
+        name = self.querystring.get('KeyName')[0]
+        success = str(ec2_backend.delete_key_pair(name)).lower()
+        return Template(DELETE_KEY_PAIR_RESPONSE).render(success=success)
 
     def describe_key_pairs(self):
-        raise NotImplementedError('KeyPairs.describe_key_pairs is not yet implemented')
+        names = keypair_names_from_querystring(self.querystring)
+        filters = filters_from_querystring(self.querystring)
+        if len(filters) > 0:
+            raise NotImplementedError('Using filters in KeyPairs.describe_key_pairs is not yet implemented')
+
+        try:
+            keypairs = ec2_backend.describe_key_pairs(names)
+        except InvalidIdError as exc:
+            template = Template(CREATE_KEY_PAIR_NOT_FOUND)
+            return template.render(keypair_id=exc.id), dict(status=400)
+        else:
+            template = Template(DESCRIBE_KEY_PAIRS_RESPONSE)
+            return template.render(keypairs=keypairs)
 
     def import_key_pair(self):
         raise NotImplementedError('KeyPairs.import_key_pair is not yet implemented')
+
+
+DESCRIBE_KEY_PAIRS_RESPONSE = """<DescribeKeyPairsResponse xmlns="http://ec2.amazonaws.com/doc/2013-10-15/">
+    <requestId>59dbff89-35bd-4eac-99ed-be587EXAMPLE</requestId> 
+    <keySet>
+    {% for keypair in keypairs %}
+      <item>
+           <keyName>{{ keypair.name }}</keyName>
+           <keyFingerprint>{{ keypair.fingerprint }}</keyFingerprint>
+      </item>
+    {% endfor %}
+    </keySet>
+ </DescribeKeyPairsResponse>"""
+
+
+CREATE_KEY_PAIR_RESPONSE = """<CreateKeyPairResponse xmlns="http://ec2.amazonaws.com/doc/2013-10-15/">
+   <keyName>{{ name }}</keyName>
+   <keyFingerprint>
+        {{ fingerprint }}
+   </keyFingerprint>
+   <keyMaterial>{{ material }}
+    </keyMaterial>
+</CreateKeyPairResponse>"""
+
+
+CREATE_KEY_PAIR_INVALID_NAME = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<Response><Errors><Error><Code>InvalidKeyPair.Duplicate</Code><Message>The keypair '{{ keypair_id }}' already exists.</Message></Error></Errors><RequestID>f4f76e81-8ca5-4e61-a6d5-a4a96EXAMPLE</RequestID></Response>
+"""
+
+
+CREATE_KEY_PAIR_NOT_FOUND = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<Response><Errors><Error><Code>InvalidKeyPair.NotFound</Code><Message>The keypair '{{ keypair_id }}' does not exist.</Message></Error></Errors><RequestID>f4f76e81-8ca5-4e61-a6d5-a4a96EXAMPLE</RequestID></Response>
+"""
+
+
+DELETE_KEY_PAIR_RESPONSE = """<DeleteKeyPairResponse xmlns="http://ec2.amazonaws.com/doc/2013-10-15/">
+  <requestId>59dbff89-35bd-4eac-99ed-be587EXAMPLE</requestId> 
+  <return>{{ success }}</return>
+</DeleteKeyPairResponse>"""
diff --git a/moto/ec2/utils.py b/moto/ec2/utils.py
index f138919db..dc5697838 100644
--- a/moto/ec2/utils.py
+++ b/moto/ec2/utils.py
@@ -116,6 +116,15 @@ def filters_from_querystring(querystring_dict):
     return response_values
 
 
+def keypair_names_from_querystring(querystring_dict):
+    keypair_names = []
+    for key, value in querystring_dict.iteritems():
+        if 'KeyName' in key:
+            keypair_names.append(value[0])
+    return keypair_names
+
+
+
 filter_dict_attribute_mapping = {
     'instance-state-name': 'state'
 }
@@ -144,3 +153,27 @@ def filter_reservations(reservations, filter_dict):
             reservation.instances = new_instances
             result.append(reservation)
     return result
+
+
+# not really random
+def random_key_pair():
+    return {
+        'fingerprint': ('1f:51:ae:28:bf:89:e9:d8:1f:25:5d:37:2d:'
+                        '7d:b8:ca:9f:f5:f1:6f'),
+        'material': """---- BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY ----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+-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"""
+    }
diff --git a/tests/test_ec2/test_key_pairs.py b/tests/test_ec2/test_key_pairs.py
index 7a961051e..e43718ade 100644
--- a/tests/test_ec2/test_key_pairs.py
+++ b/tests/test_ec2/test_key_pairs.py
@@ -1,9 +1,65 @@
 import boto
 import sure  # noqa
 
+from boto.exception import EC2ResponseError
 from moto import mock_ec2
 
 
 @mock_ec2
-def test_key_pairs():
-    pass
+def test_key_pairs_empty():
+    conn = boto.connect_ec2('the_key', 'the_secret')
+    assert len(conn.get_all_key_pairs()) == 0
+
+
+@mock_ec2
+def test_key_pairs_create():
+    conn = boto.connect_ec2('the_key', 'the_secret')
+    kp = conn.create_key_pair('foo')
+    assert kp.material.startswith('---- BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY ----')
+    kps = conn.get_all_key_pairs()
+    assert len(kps) == 1
+    assert kps[0].name == 'foo'
+
+
+@mock_ec2
+def test_key_pairs_create_two():
+    conn = boto.connect_ec2('the_key', 'the_secret')
+    kp = conn.create_key_pair('foo')
+    kp = conn.create_key_pair('bar')
+    assert kp.material.startswith('---- BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY ----')
+    kps = conn.get_all_key_pairs()
+    assert len(kps) == 2
+    assert kps[0].name == 'foo'
+    assert kps[1].name == 'bar'
+    kps = conn.get_all_key_pairs('foo')
+    assert len(kps) == 1
+    assert kps[0].name == 'foo'
+
+
+@mock_ec2
+def test_key_pairs_create_exist():
+    conn = boto.connect_ec2('the_key', 'the_secret')
+    kp = conn.create_key_pair('foo')
+    assert kp.material.startswith('---- BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY ----')
+    assert len(conn.get_all_key_pairs()) == 1
+    conn.create_key_pair.when.called_with('foo').should.throw(
+        EC2ResponseError,
+        "The keypair 'foo' already exists."
+    )
+
+
+@mock_ec2
+def test_key_pairs_delete_no_exist():
+    conn = boto.connect_ec2('the_key', 'the_secret')
+    assert len(conn.get_all_key_pairs()) == 0
+    r = conn.delete_key_pair('foo')
+    r.should.be.ok
+
+
+@mock_ec2
+def test_key_pairs_delete_exist():
+    conn = boto.connect_ec2('the_key', 'the_secret')
+    conn.create_key_pair('foo')
+    r = conn.delete_key_pair('foo')
+    r.should.be.ok
+    assert len(conn.get_all_key_pairs()) == 0